BP104T. PHARMACEUTICAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY (Theory)

Unit-I (10 Hours)

Impurities in Pharmaceutical Substances

• History of Pharmacopoeia.
• Sources and Types of Impurities.
• Principle of Limit Tests for:
  • Chloride
  • Sulphate
  • Iron
  • Arsenic
  • Lead
  • Heavy Metals
• Modified Limit Tests for Chloride and Sulphate.

General Methods

• Preparation and Assay (compounds marked with *).
• Properties and Medicinal Uses of Inorganic Compounds.

Unit-II (10 Hours)

Acids, Bases, and Buffers

• Buffer Equations and Buffer Capacity.
• Buffers in Pharmaceutical Systems: Preparation and Stability.
• Buffered Isotonic Solutions:
  • Measurement of Tonicity.
  • Calculations and Adjusting Isotonicity.

Major Electrolytes

• Functions of Major Physiological Ions.
• Electrolytes in Replacement Therapy:
  • Sodium Chloride*
  • Potassium Chloride
  • Calcium Gluconate*
  • Oral Rehydration Salt (ORS)
• Physiological Acid-Base Balance.

Dental Products

• Dentifrices and Role of Fluoride in Dental Caries.
• Desensitizing Agents:
  • Calcium Carbonate
  • Sodium Fluoride
  • Zinc Eugenol Cement

Unit-III (10 Hours)

Gastrointestinal Agents

• Acidifiers:
  • Ammonium Chloride*
  • Diluted HCl
• Antacids:
  • Ideal Properties and Combinations of Antacids.
  • Examples: Sodium Bicarbonate*, Aluminum Hydroxide Gel, Magnesium Hydroxide Mixture.
• Cathartics:
  • Magnesium Sulphate
  • Sodium Orthophosphate
  • Kaolin and Bentonite

Antimicrobials

• Mechanism and Classification.
• Examples:
  • Potassium Permanganate
  • Boric Acid
  • Hydrogen Peroxide*
  • Chlorinated Lime*
  • Iodine and Its Preparations

Unit-IV (08 Hours)

Miscellaneous Compounds

• Expectorants:
  • Potassium Iodide
  • Ammonium Chloride*
• Emetics:
  • Copper Sulphate*
  • Sodium Potassium Tartrate
• Hematinics:
  • Ferrous Sulphate*
  • Ferrous Gluconate
• Poison and Antidote:
  • Sodium Thiosulphate*
  • Activated Charcoal
  • Sodium Nitrite
• Astringents:
  • Zinc Sulphate
  • Potash Alum

Unit-V (07 Hours)

Radiopharmaceuticals

• Radioactivity:
  • Measurement and Properties of α, β, γ Radiations.
  • Half-Life of Radioactive Substances.
• Radioisotopes:
  • Sodium Iodide I131: Storage Conditions, Precautions, and Pharmaceutical Applications.